Cooperative Spectrum Sensing over Generalized Fading Channels Based on Energy Detection

摘要

This paper analyzes the unified performance of energy detection (ED) ofspectrum sensing (SS) over generalized fading channels in cognitive radio (CR)networks. The detective performance of SS schemes will be obviously affected byfading channel between communication nodes, and ED has the advantages of fastimplementation, no requirement of priori received information and lowcomplexity, so it is meaningful to investigate ED that is performed over fadingchannels such as Nakagami-m channel and Rice channel, or generalized fadingchannels such as \k{appa}-{\mu} fading distribution and {\eta}-{\mu} fadingdistribution. The {\alpha}-\k{appa}-{\mu} fading distribution is a generalizedfading model that represents the nonlinear and small-scale variation of fadingchannels. The probability density function (p.d.f.) of instantaneoussignal-to-ratio (SNR) of {\alpha}-\k{appa}-{\mu} distribution is derived fromthe envelope p.d.f. to evaluate energy efficiency for sensing systems. Next,the probability of detection model with Marcum-Q function has been derived andthe close-form detective expressions with moment generating function (MGF)method are deduced to achieve sensing communications over generalized fadingchannels. Furthermore, novel and exact closed-form analytic expressions foraverage area under the receiver operating characteristics curve also have beendeduced to analyze the performance characteristics of ED over{\alpha}-\k{appa}-{\mu} fading channels. Besides, cooperative spectrum sensing(CSS) with diversity reception has been applied to improve the detectionaccuracy and mitigate the shadowed fading features with OR-rule. At last, theresults show that the detection capacity can be evidently affected by{\alpha}-\k{appa}-{\mu} fading conditions, but appropriate channel parameterswill improve sensing performance.